{"id":2124,"date":"2012-11-02T12:14:02","date_gmt":"2012-11-02T11:14:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/?p=2124"},"modified":"2026-06-03T13:16:40","modified_gmt":"2026-06-03T11:16:40","slug":"retro-sinclair-ql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql\/","title":{"rendered":"Sinclair QL [Sinclair]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">The <strong>Sinclair QL<\/strong> (<strong>Q<\/strong>uantum <strong>L<\/strong>eap) was unveiled on January 12, 1984, and was intended to be Sir Clive Sinclair's next major triumph following the ZX Spectrum. On paper, the concept read impressively: a <strong>32-bit home computer<\/strong> featuring a true multitasking operating system, professional office software, and networking capabilities for under <strong>\u00a3400<\/strong> (specifically \u00a3399\u2014a fraction of what Apple was charging for the Macintosh, which was released that same month). With this device, Sinclair aimed to make a direct push into the business market, where IBM and Apple had previously held sway.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unfortunately, the reality was quite different. The QL hit the market nearly a year ahead of schedule\u2014primarily to beat Apple and the Atari ST, which was expected the following year, to the punch. At the time of the press launch, not a single fully functional prototype existed; nevertheless, Sinclair immediately began accepting orders, promising delivery within 28 days. The first units finally began trickling out to customers\u2014albeit sluggishly\u2014starting in April 1984; consequently, the British computer press soon ceased interpreting the acronym QL as \"Quantum Leap,\" opting instead for the mocking translation \"Quite Late.\" Even the British advertising watchdog, the ASA, took an interest in the affair.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Kludge \u2013 When the ROM Doesn't Fit in the Case<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">To ensure that anything could be shipped at all, Sinclair resorted to a stopgap measure that remains legendary to this day: for the initial units featuring the **Issue 4 mainboard**, the operating system was simply not yet sufficiently finalized to fit within the planned 32 KB of ROM. The excess code was unceremoniously offloaded onto an additional **16 KB ROM module** that protruded from the back of the casing. The trade press mockingly dubbed this makeshift solution a \"<strong>Kludge<\/strong>\" or \"<strong>Dongle<\/strong>.\" It was not until later board revisions (Issues 5, 6, and 7) that the units shipped with the full **48 KB of ROM** housed entirely within the casing; owners of the very first units were subsequently able to exchange their machines free of charge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Inner Values<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Inside lies a  <strong>Motorola 68008<\/strong> clocked at 7.5 MHz\u2014essentially the same 32-bit processor as the 68000 found in the Atari ST and Amiga, albeit with its  <strong>external data bus reduced to 8 bits<\/strong>. This is precisely the \"crippled processor\" I had already criticized in the original version of this article: the 68008 cost less and required simpler memory chips, but due to its narrow bus, it was significantly slower than its larger siblings. Furthermore, the ZX8301 ULA regularly stole clock cycles from the processor for screen generation (cycle stealing), which further depressed its effective performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">On the side, two custom ULAs handle the heavy lifting: the aforementioned <strong>ZX8301<\/strong> is responsible for graphics output, while the <strong>ZX8302<\/strong> (\"Peripheral Chip\") manages the Microdrives, serial interfaces, networking, and real-time clock. An <strong>Intel 8049<\/strong> serves as a co-processor, handling the keyboard and\u2014very rudimentary\u2014sound generation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">The graphics subsystem features two modes: <strong>512 \u00d7 256 pixels with 4 colors<\/strong> for word processing, or <strong>256 \u00d7 256 pixels with 8 colors<\/strong> for somewhat more colorful applications. There are no sprites or hardware scrolling\u2014the QL was clearly not intended as a gaming machine.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-hinten.jpg\" alt=\"Sinclair QL - R\u00fcckansicht\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">QDOS and SuperBASIC<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">However, the truly fascinating aspect of the QL lay in its software. With <strong>QDOS<\/strong>, <strong>Tony Tebby<\/strong> had written a preemptive multitasking operating system that was far ahead of its time. Running multiple programs simultaneously, switching between windows, and printing in the background while continuing to work in the foreground\u2014in 1984, this was absolutely extraordinary for a home computer. Added to this was <strong>SuperBASIC<\/strong> by Jan Jones\u2014a structured BASIC featuring named procedures, functions, and local variables, and free from the rigid requirement of line numbers. For anyone emerging from the \"GOTO hell\" of Spectrum BASIC, this felt like true liberation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Also included was the famous <strong>Psion Suite<\/strong> on two Microdrive cartridges\u2014four full-featured applications that later, in a slightly modified form, also made their way to the PC under the name *Psion Xchange*:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Quill<\/strong> \u2013 Word Processing with True WYSIWYG Display<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Abacus<\/strong> \u2013 Spreadsheet<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Archives<\/strong> \u2013 Database with its own query language<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong>Easel<\/strong> \u2013 Business Graphics<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">It was precisely this package that captivated me back then. I gained my first experience with word processing and spreadsheets using it\u2014long before such programs became the standard on the Atari ST or PC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Microdrives \u2013 The Eternal Achilles' Heel<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">The two built-in <strong>Microdrives<\/strong> were intended as an affordable alternative to floppy disk drives. They consist of tiny continuous-loop tapes housed in plastic cartridges, capable of storing around <strong>100 KB per cartridge<\/strong>\u2014and, notably, they load significantly faster than a standard cassette. They were already familiar as a peripheral device for the ZX Spectrum; with the QL, however, they were now built directly into the system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theoretically, it was a nice idea. In practice, however, the Microdrives were the QL's Achilles' heel: sensitive to dust, increasingly unreliable with age, and\u2014with their awkward 100 KB of storage capacity\u2014hardly competitive against 720 KB floppy disks. Anyone wishing to work seriously with the QL could scarcely do without an external floppy interface.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Microdrive-Cartridge.jpg\" alt=\"Sinclair QL Microdrive Cartridge\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Personal Story<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unfortunately, I can no longer recall exactly why I traded in my ZX Spectrum for a QL back then. It was likely due to a fascination with the included office software and the appeal of being able to do something \"proper\" with the computer. I purchased my QL from a small systems house located near where I lived.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Obtaining software for the QL in Germany was significantly more difficult than it was for the Spectrum. At the time, I subscribed to an English QL magazine just to get access to listings and news about the platform. I had to program much of it myself\u2014which, in retrospect, was probably the main reason I learned more on that computer than I did on the Spectrum before it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nevertheless, my time with the QL was relatively brief: In the summer of 1987, upon graduating from school, I received my Atari 1040 STFM\u2014and with that, the QL chapter came to a close for me, at least for the time being. In retrospect, the QL served as the link between the 8-bit world of the Spectrum and the 16\/32-bit world of the ST.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A little trivia gem on the side<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">In 1987, a certain <strong>Linus Torvalds<\/strong> used his savings\u2014supplemented by a loan from his father\u2014to buy his very first computer: a Sinclair QL. On it, he first wrote his own editor and assembler, then a Pac-Man clone named *Cool Man*, and finally a driver for a floppy disk interface, as he found the included one to be too slow. In the process, he discovered several bugs in QDOS. A few years later, working on a 386 PC, he wrote the first lines of code for a project he would later name *Linux*. Without the QL, Linux would likely not exist in its current form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Extensions \u2013 When the Community Takes Over<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">After Sinclair discontinued the QL in April 1986\u2014having sold only around <strong>150,000 units<\/strong> (Amstrad had acquired Sinclair and saw no remaining market)\u2014a very active community took the helm. Foremost among them was the British company <strong>Miracle Systems<\/strong>, which kept the QL alive for more than a decade:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"translation-block\">The <strong>Trump Card<\/strong> provided 768 KB of additional memory (totaling 896 KB\u2014exceeding the official 640 KB limit), a floppy interface, and Toolkit II on a single card connected to the expansion port.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">The <strong>Gold Card<\/strong> replaced the 68008 with a 16 MHz 68000, and added 2 MB of RAM, a floppy interface with support for DD, HD, and even ED disks, as well as a battery-buffered real-time clock\u2014all without requiring any internal modification to the QL.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\">The <strong>Super Gold Card<\/strong> capped it all off in 1993 with a 24 MHz <strong>68020<\/strong> processor, 4 MB of RAM, and a Centronics interface. With this, a QL suddenly became a thoroughly serious computer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">In addition, there were alternative operating system ROMs (<strong>Minerva<\/strong>, later <strong>SMSQ\/E<\/strong>), hard drive interfaces, and even complete QL replicas housed in PC cases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sinclair QL Technical Specifications<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>processor<\/strong><\/td><td>Motorola 68008, 7,5 MHz (32 Bit intern, 8 Bit Datenbus)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Coprocessors<\/strong><\/td><td>ZX8301, ZX8302 (ULAs), Intel 8049 (Tastatur\/Sound)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>RAM<\/strong><\/td><td>128 KB RAM, 32 KB VRAM, 48 KB ROM<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Expandable<\/strong><\/td><td>offiziell auf 640 KB, mit Trump Card auf 896 KB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Resolutions<\/strong><\/td><td>512 \u00d7 256 (4 Farben) \/ 256 \u00d7 256 (8 Farben)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Text Modes<\/strong><\/td><td>80 \u00d7 25 oder 40 \u00d7 25 Zeichen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Storage Units<\/strong><\/td><td>2 \u00d7 interne Microdrives, ca. 100 KB pro Cartridge<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Interfaces<\/strong><\/td><td>2 \u00d7 RS-232, 2 \u00d7 QLAN-Netzwerk, 2 \u00d7 Joystick, Expansion Port, ROM-Cartridge, externe Microdrive-Erweiterung<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Operating System<\/strong><\/td><td>QDOS (Tony Tebby) mit SuperBASIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Included Software<\/strong><\/td><td>Psion Quill, Abacus, Archive, Easel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Year of publication<\/strong><\/td><td>12. Januar 1984<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Discontinued<\/strong><\/td><td>April 1986<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Number of units sold<\/strong><\/td><td>ca. 150.000<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Introductory price<\/strong><\/td><td>\u00a3399<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">My copy today<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Well-preserved\u2014and, above all, <strong>\"unmodified\"<\/strong>\u2014QLs have by now become a genuine rarity on eBay. A few years ago, I was lucky enough to win just such a specimen at auction. Included with it was a functioning <strong>512 KB memory expansion<\/strong> for the expansion port, featuring a bus passthrough.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Speichererweiterung.jpg\" alt=\"Sinclair QL 512kB Speichererweiterung\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>512 KB Memory Expansion<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">During my first extensive test, I noticed that several individual keys were no longer responding. The cause was quickly identified: the <strong>keyboard membrane<\/strong> inside the QL\u2014as was the case with so many Sinclair devices of that era\u2014had become brittle over the years. Fortunately, new membranes are still available as reproduction parts, and replacing one is a manageable task if you have a little patience (see my separate repair article).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">I have also now successfully got the two <strong>disk interfaces<\/strong> in the collection up and running\u2014an *XDISK Wolf Computer V1.00* from 1987 and a *QDOS Disc Controller V1.16* from 1984. This was made possible by Ben from Belgium, who still builds compatible 3.5-inch dual-drive units for the QL, as well as Rich Mellor, whose assistance helped clarify exactly which drive was required. I have documented the details\u2014including the most important QDOS disk commands and a neat trick for transferring PC software onto a QL diskette using QEmuLator\u2014in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql-diskettenlaufwerk\/\" target=\"_self\">dedicated article on using disk drives with the QL<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"2130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-2.jpg\" alt=\"Sinclair QL Disk Interface 1\" class=\"wp-image-2130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-2.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-2-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Disk Interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" data-id=\"2129\" src=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-1.jpg\" alt=\"Sinclair QL Disk Interface 2\" class=\"wp-image-2129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-1.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Disk-Interface-1-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Disk Interface<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modern Extensions from the Community<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What makes the QL particularly fascinating to me today is the small yet remarkably productive community that continues to develop new hardware for the machine. Over the past few years, I have added several of these expansions to my collection, presenting each one individually and in detail:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql-ql-sd\/\" target=\"_self\">QL-SD<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 an <strong>SD \u200b\u200bcard interface<\/strong>  by Peter Graf that finally liberates the QL from the straitjacket of Microdrive cartridges. With it, half of the world's entire QL software archive fits onto a single card.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/qubide-sinclair-ql\/\" target=\"_self\">QubIDE<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 an <strong>AT\/IDE hard drive interface<\/strong>, originally developed by Zeljko Nastasic in 1996 and distributed by Qubbesoft. It retrofits the QL into a proper workstation complete with a hard drive.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/tetroid-disk-interface-cf-sinclair-ql\/\" target=\"_self\">Tetroid Disk Interface CF<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 a modern reproduction of a disk interface that additionally features a <strong>Compact Flash slot<\/strong>, thereby combining floppy and mass storage access in a single device.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql-mice\/\" target=\"_self\">mICE<\/a><\/strong> \u2014the <em>Icon Controlled Environment<\/em> by Eidersoft\u2014was an early attempt in the mid-80s at an <strong>icon-based interface<\/strong>  for the QL, stylistically closely resembling Digital Research's GEM. Today, a small adapter board even makes it possible to connect a USB mouse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/ql-vga-sinclair-ql\/\" target=\"_self\">QL-VGA<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 an FPGA-based adapter that converts the QL video signal into modern <strong>VGA<\/strong>. This finally allows the QL to be used with a modern monitor without any tinkering.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/ql-power-converter-sinclair-ql\/\" target=\"_self\">QL Power Converter<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 a small but extremely useful adapter board that connects a modern <strong>standard power supply<\/strong> to the QL's completely non-standard, rectangular power port. Anyone still using an original power supply knows exactly why this item is a sound investment.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"translation-block\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/qimsi-sinclair-ql\/\" target=\"_self\">QIMSI \/ QIMSI Gold<\/a><\/strong> \u2013 the scene's newest project, emerging out of nowhere in the autumn of 2023 and, once again, developed by Peter Graf. A modern interface that bundles several classic expansion functions onto a single compact circuit board.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Current Points of Contact<\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph translation-block\">Nowadays, original accessories can be found almost exclusively through <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sellmyretro.com\/\" target=\"_self\">SellMyRetro<\/a> in the UK. Those wishing to avoid the hassle of UK shipping and customs can find what they are looking for at the German <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sintech-shop.de\/retro-atari-commodore-sinclair-etc\/sinclair\/ql\" target=\"_self\">Sintech-Shop<\/a>, which also carries QL hardware in its inventory. However, the central international hub for all things QL is the discussion forum <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/theqlforum.com\/\" target=\"_self\">The QL Forum<\/a><\/strong>\u2014it is where developers, collectors, and users exchange ideas, where new hardware projects are first announced, and where you can always find someone with tips for tricky repairs. For those who wish to experience a QL without the risks associated with aging original hardware, the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/fpga-rechner\/#q68\" target=\"_self\">Q68<\/a><\/strong> offers a sophisticated, modern FPGA-based alternative\u2014one that I have also added to my own collection.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Der Sinclair QL (Quantum Leap) wurde am 12. Januar 1984 vorgestellt und sollte f\u00fcr Sir Clive Sinclair der n\u00e4chste gro\u00dfe Wurf nach dem ZX Spectrum \u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2125,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[4737,4750],"class_list":["post-2124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ql","tag-hardware","tag-heimcomputer"],"modified_by":"Jungsi","wp-worthy-pixel":{"ignored":false,"public":"e8fb88b8cd814ea3b8e0a7898be22dba","server":"","url":"https:\/\/vg07.met.vgwort.de\/na\/e8fb88b8cd814ea3b8e0a7898be22dba"},"wp-worthy-type":"normal","jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-kl.jpg","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":25066,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/ql-power-converter-sinclair-ql\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":0},"title":"QL Power Converter [Sinclair QL]","author":"Jungsi","date":"4. July 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Das Netzteil des Sinclair QL ist, wie soviel anderes inzwischen in die Jahre gekommen. Leider ist der Stromanschluss, der in den QL f\u00fchrt weit weg von jedem Standard. Die eckige Form macht einen Nachbau nicht so leicht. Eine Bezugsquelle f\u00fcr die Stecker ist mir nicht bekannt und gebrauchte Netzteile sind\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Retro&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Retro","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"QL Power Converter","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-Power-Converter-schraeg-von-oben.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":24153,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/ql-vga-sinclair-ql\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":1},"title":"QL-VGA [Sinclair QL]","author":"Jungsi","date":"7. February 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Das QL-VGA ist in der ersten Version 2020 in einer kleinen Auflage erschienen. Der Entwickler des QL-VGA, Marcel Kilgus, hatte mit den Arbeiten an dem Interface bereits 2019 begonnen. Mit diesem Adapter kann die 8-polige RGB-Buchse des Sinclair QL mit einem Bildschirm verbunden werden, der \u00fcber einen VGA-Anschluss verf\u00fcgt. Lange\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Retro&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Retro","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/QL-VGA-FPGA-Board.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9371,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/ql-modem-retro-sinclair-ql\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":2},"title":"QL Modem [Sinclair QL]","author":"Jungsi","date":"14. January 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Dieses Modem f\u00fcr den Sinclair QL wurde von Miracle System hergestellt. Das kleine externe Modem schaffte\u00a01200\/75 Baud im Betrieb bzw. 1200\/1200 Baud Half-Duplex - zum Vergleich: heutiges Gigabit Ethernet hat eine Symbolrate (= Baud - nach Emile Baudot) von 125 MBaud. In einer kleinen schwarzen Box untergebracht, hatte es ein\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Sinclair&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Sinclair","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/sinclair\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"QL Modem - komplett","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/QL-Modem-komplett.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2100,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql-tastatur-membrane-tauschen\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":3},"title":"Retro: Sinclair QL &#8211; Tastatur Membrane tauschen","author":"Jungsi","date":"28. October 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Sinclair QL Mein Sinclair QL funktioniert eigentlich ganz gut - nur ein Teil musste dem Alter inzwischen Tribut zollen: die Tastatur. Nicht mehr alle Tasten reagierten auf eine Eingabe. Nach einem kurzen Blick in das Geh\u00e4use war die Ursache schnell festgestellt. Die Flachbandkabel welche die Tastatur Membrane mit der QL\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Retro&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Retro","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Sinclair QL - Tastatur Membrane - Abdeckblech und Flachbandkabel wieder fixiert","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/QL-Tastatur-6.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/QL-Tastatur-6.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/QL-Tastatur-6.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":2172,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/retro-sinclair-ql-diskettenlaufwerk\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":4},"title":"Diskettenlaufwerk am QL [Sinclair QL]","author":"Jungsi","date":"16. November 2012","format":false,"excerpt":"Nachdem ich vor einigen Jahren einen Sinclair QL mit zwei Diskinterfaces ersteigert hatte, habe ich mir vorgenommen diese auch zu nutzen. Durch Zufall bin ich dann auf einen Spezialisten in Belgien gesto\u00dfen (Danke Ben!), der noch Diskettenlaufwerke f\u00fcr diese Computer bastelt. Zusammen mit Rich Mellor haben wir dann herausgefunden, welches\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Sinclair QL&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Sinclair QL","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/sinclair\/ql\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Diskettenlaufwerk1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Diskettenlaufwerk1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/11\/QL-Diskettenlaufwerk1.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x"},"classes":[]},{"id":9635,"url":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/qubide-sinclair-ql\/","url_meta":{"origin":2124,"position":5},"title":"QubIDE [Sinclair QL]","author":"Jungsi","date":"3. February 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"Das QubIDE ist ein AT\/IDE Festplatten-Interface f\u00fcr QL Systeme, das von Zeljko Nastasic entwickelt und von Qubbesoft (1996) vermarktet wurde. Beim Original ist der Anschluss durchgeschliffen, sodass weitere Interfaces (Speicher oder Disketten) angeschlossen werden konnten. Version 1.53 des ROMs f\u00fcgte die M\u00f6glichkeit hinzu \"fremde\" Disk-Cartridges wie die Syquest Wechseldatentr\u00e4ger zu\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Retro&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Retro","link":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/category\/retro\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"QubIDE - Manual 1","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.jungsi.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/QubIDE-Manual-1.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2124"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42718,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2124\/revisions\/42718"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.jungsi.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}